Related Digital / Stargate Data Center Consent Judgment
Public records obtained under Michigan's Freedom of Information Act regarding a consent judgment that reversed a 4–1 democratic vote to deny a $7 billion data center on 575 acres of farmland.
On February 8, 2026, the ALEA Institute submitted a Freedom of Information Act request to Saline Township, Washtenaw County, Michigan, seeking records related to the validity and execution of a consent judgment in the Related Digital / Stargate data center lawsuit, attorney retention and authorization, and the role of the Township's liability insurer in the defense and settlement.
The request concerned a proposed $7 billion hyperscale data center campus on approximately 575 acres of farmland, part of OpenAI's “Stargate” initiative with Oracle and SoftBank. The developer, Related Digital, submitted a conditional rezoning application in July 2025. After the Township Board voted 4–1 to deny the project on September 10, 2025, a lawsuit was filed two days later. Within approximately 30 days, a consent judgment was entered that effectively reversed the democratic denial.
Saline Township produced 36 PDF documents totaling approximately 30.5 MB in response to the request. A detailed analysis of these documents is available below.
The FOIA response documents document a rapid, litigation-driven reversal of a democratic decision. An analysis of documents received is available as a downloadable PDF report. Key findings include:
The Board denied the project on September 10. A lawsuit was filed two days later on September 12. By September 26—only 14 days after filing—litigation counsel had already received a proposed consent judgment from the plaintiff's attorney. The Board voted to settle on October 1, and the consent judgment was entered by mid-October—roughly 30 days from filing to final judgment. A typical contested zoning case in Michigan runs 12–18 months.
The Board's voting trajectory moved from a 4–1 vote to deny the data center (September 10) to a 4–1 vote to settle the lawsuit (October 1) to a 4–0 vote to approve the Industrial Development District (October 15, Treasurer Zink absent). The Township's own attorney stated publicly at the October 15 meeting: “the Board was not in favor of this project but had to decide on the facts of the lawsuit.”
No board resolution, meeting minutes entry, or other documentation authorizing the retention of litigation counsel David B. Landry was produced. The insurer confirmed it “will not retain counsel on behalf of the Township,” meaning Landry was not insurer-assigned. The question of who authorized $17,280 in public funds for a litigation attorney without a documented board vote in the records produced raises governance questions.
The October 1 meeting minutes suggest the settlement vote occurred in closed session and describe only a vague motion to “move forward with trying to settle the lawsuit.” However, a publicly available video recording of the meeting shows that the vote was preceded by substantive public comment in open session—residents questioned the attorneys about decommissioning terms, DTE power prioritization, industrial zoning implications, and the adequacy of a $5–10 million bond for a billion-dollar project. The actual motion, stated in open session, was: “I move to approve the consent judgment with the terms outlined by our attorneys.” The roll call vote is clearly recorded: Kelly Marion (yes), Jim Marion (no), Tom Hammond (yes), Dean Marion (yes), Jennifer Zink (yes)—passing 4–1.
This demonstrated inaccuracy of the October 1 minutes raises questions about the reliability of all meeting minutes produced in this FOIA response. If the October 1 minutes are materially inconsistent with the video record of what occurred, the September 10 minutes (recording only a 5-minute hearing with 59 citizens and no discussion) may be equally unreliable. The Township's own litigation counsel later researched whether “reenactment of a meeting” could “cure any procedural error in meeting minutes”—suggesting he identified the deficiencies as well.
The Tokio Marine HCC coverage determination (February 6 Letter, p. 1) states the lawsuit was “filed with the State of Michigan, in the Circuit Court for Lake County on September 12, 2025.” However, all other available evidence—including the consent judgment itself, the Washtenaw County Circuit Court docket, and the February 20, 2026 hearing before Judge Owdziej in Washtenaw County—confirms that Case No. 25-001577-CZ was filed in Washtenaw County Circuit Court, not Lake County. The insurer's reference to Lake County appears to be a factual error. Our original analysis characterized this as potential “forum shopping”; that characterization was incorrect and has been withdrawn. However, an error of this magnitude in a formal coverage determination—misidentifying the court in which the lawsuit was filed—raises questions about the thoroughness of Tokio Marine HCC's review of the underlying claim and whether other factual or legal conclusions in the coverage letter warrant similar scrutiny.
The insurer (Tokio Marine HCC) determined it had no duty to defend or indemnify the Township, offering only limited $250,000 defense cost reimbursement while reserving fraud and bad-faith exclusions. Critically, the consent judgment was entered before the insurer issued its coverage determination.
The following categories of documents were either not produced in response to the FOIA request or do not exist: the executed consent judgment itself, the denial reasons attachment referenced in the September 10 minutes, all electronic communications (including text messages), consent judgment drafts, and all intergovernmental correspondence. The insurer's February 6 coverage letter appears to respond to prior correspondence from the Township or its representatives, yet none of that underlying correspondence was produced. Attorney Landry's October 6 email to the Board was produced with a question from a resident redacted—raising questions about what was removed and why.
Notably, the September 24 special meeting minutes were not included in the FOIA production despite being publicly available on the Township's own website. Those minutes record a nearly four-hour joint Board and Planning Commission meeting (7:00 PM to 10:50 PM) at which both attorneys addressed the Board and over 30 citizens, Related Digital representatives gave a presentation, DTE answered questions, and the Board's options—settle, negotiate a consent judgment, or litigate—were discussed at length. The September 10 public hearing minutes, also available on the Township website but produced in a different format in the FOIA response, record a meeting with 59 citizens as lasting five minutes with no substantive content.
We intend to seek clarification on these gaps through appropriate channels.
All 36 documents produced by Saline Township are available for download below, organized by category. The original FOIA request and our analysis report are also included.
FOIA request submitted February 8, 2026 to Saline Township seeking attorney retention records, consent judgment execution records, insurance records, IDD/IFEC records, board minutes, and electronic communications.
Download (PDF, 82 KB) →Detailed analysis of the FOIA response, including timeline, key actors, voting record, financial analysis, Open Meetings Act concerns, and identification of gaps in the production.
Download (PDF, 70 KB) →Documents establishing the IDD that would enable tax abatements for the data center facility.
| Document | Description | Download |
|---|---|---|
| IDD Notice | Public hearing notice for IDD establishment on 8 parcels (~575 acres), Sep 10, 2025 | PDF (61 KB) |
| IDD Resolution | Resolution establishing IDD District No. 25-001, adopted 4–0 on Oct 15, 2025; petitioner: RD Michigan Property Owner I LLC | PDF (3.2 MB) |
Board meeting records documenting the public hearing, denial vote, settlement vote, and IDD approval.
| Document | Description | Download |
|---|---|---|
| Sep 2025 Public Hearing Agenda | Agenda for public hearing on proposed IDD | PDF (5 KB) |
| Sep 2025 Regular Agenda | Regular meeting agenda, September 2025 | PDF (6 KB) |
| Sep 10 Public Hearing Minutes | Minutes of Sep 10, 2025 IDD public hearing; 5-minute hearing with 59 citizens present | PDF (145 KB) |
| Sep 10 Regular Meeting Minutes | Regular meeting minutes; Board votes 4–1 to deny the data center project | PDF (159 KB) |
| Oct Agenda | Agenda for Oct 1, 2025 special joint meeting; sole item: data center lawsuit | PDF (86 KB) |
| Oct 1 Special Meeting Minutes | Special meeting minutes; closed session; Board votes 4–1 to settle the lawsuit | PDF (149 KB) |
| Oct 15 Regular Meeting Minutes | Regular meeting minutes; Board votes 4–0 to approve IDD (Zink absent); PA 116 termination | PDF (162 KB) |
Litigation counsel retained specifically for the data center lawsuit. Billed at $300/hr; total billed: 57.60 hours / $17,280 across two invoices. No board resolution authorizing retention was produced.
| Document | Description | Download |
|---|---|---|
| Letter | Sep 26, 2025 letter requesting closed session to discuss proposed consent judgment | PDF (344 KB) |
| Invoice 31594 | “FINAL BILL” Oct 14, 2025: 35.80 hrs at $300/hr = $10,740 | PDF (19 KB) |
| Check Stub 31594 | Check #8692, Oct 29, 2025, $10,740 | PDF (414 KB) |
| Invoice 31801 | Jan 22, 2026: 21.80 hrs at $300/hr = $6,540 (partially redacted) | PDF (15 KB) |
| Check Stub 31801 | Check #8793, Feb 1, 2026, $6,540 | PDF (137 KB) |
General township attorney (Castleberry & Lucas) since February 2024. Billed at $200/hr; total billed: 70.70 hours / $14,490 across six invoices.
| Document | Description | Download |
|---|---|---|
| Fee Agreement | Feb 14, 2024 fee agreement ($200/hr general, $300/hr litigation) | PDF (1.6 MB) |
| Invoice 8845 | Jul 1, 2025: $1,150; first “data farm” reference Jun 5, 2025 | PDF (413 KB) |
| Check Stub 8845 | Check #8623, Aug 3, 2025, $1,150 | PDF (135 KB) |
| Invoice 9013 | Aug 5, 2025: $1,400; meetings with “data storage reps” | PDF (76 KB) |
| Check Stub 9013 | Check #8634, Aug 10, 2025, $2,550 | PDF (140 KB) |
| Invoice 9174 | Sep 2, 2025: $5,040; planning commission denial period | PDF (545 KB) |
| Check Stub 9174 | Check #8639, Sep 4, 2025, $8,630 | PDF (139 KB) |
| Invoice 9544 | Nov 5, 2025: $3,750; consent judgment work; includes Washington Post contact | PDF (80 KB) |
| Check Stub 9544 | Check #8702, Nov 8, 2025, $1,910 | PDF (134 KB) |
| Invoice 9648 | Dec 4, 2025: $1,550 | PDF (76 KB) |
| Check Stub 9648 | Check #8741, Dec 5, 2025, $1,550 | PDF (124 KB) |
| Invoice 9813 | Jan 9, 2026: $1,600 | PDF (434 KB) |
| Check Stub 9813 | Check #8789, Feb 1, 2026, $1,600 | PDF (125 KB) |
Township liability insurance policies and payment records. Premiums rose 67% from 2020 to 2025. The insurer declined to defend or indemnify the Township in the data center lawsuit.
| Document | Description | Download |
|---|---|---|
| Policy 2011–2012 | Full MTPP policy; $5M wrongful act limit; $500K regulatory taking sublimit | PDF (4.1 MB) |
| Policy 2024–2025 | MTPP renewal; $13,088 premium; adds Private Property Use Restriction Sublimit | PDF (5.3 MB) |
| Policy 2025–2026 | Current MTPP renewal; $15,308 premium | PDF (5.3 MB) |
| Check Stubs & Invoices | Premium payment records, 2020–2025 (15 pages) | PDF (3.4 MB) |
FY 2025–2026 budget showing a $582K net deficit, with legal and consulting costs 49% over budget.
| Document | Description | Download |
|---|---|---|
| Budget FY 2025–26 | Profit & Loss Budget vs. Actual (Apr 1, 2025 – Feb 15, 2026) | PDF (1.5 MB) |
Correspondence between Treasurer Zink and State Senator Jeff Irwin regarding data centers on agricultural land.
| Document | Description | Download |
|---|---|---|
| Senator Irwin Contact | Email chain: Treasurer Zink contacted Sen. Irwin on Oct 1, 2025 about “Data Centers coming in and building agriculture land” | PDF (166 KB) |
Vendor payment summaries and the insurance coverage determination letter.
| Document | Description | Download |
|---|---|---|
| Vendor Report | QuickReports for Landry and Lucas; combined legal total: $34,670 | PDF (315 KB) |
| Feb 6 Insurance Letter | Tokio Marine HCC coverage determination: no duty to defend; limited $250K defense cost reimbursement; fraud/bad-faith exclusions reserved | PDF (257 KB) |
Transcript of a publicly available video recording of the October 1, 2025 Saline Township Board meeting at which the settlement vote occurred. The video shows public comment and a roll call vote in open session, which differs from the meeting minutes that suggest the vote occurred in closed session.
| Document | Description | Download |
|---|---|---|
| Oct 1 Meeting Transcript | Timestamped transcript of the settlement vote portion of the Oct 1, 2025 meeting; records public comment on decommissioning, power, zoning, and the open-session roll call vote (4–1, Jim Marion dissenting) | JSON (15 KB) |
Meeting minutes available on the Saline Township website that were not included in the FOIA production but are relevant to this matter.
| Document | Description | Download |
|---|---|---|
| Sep 10 Public Hearing Minutes | Public hearing with 59 citizens; minutes record meeting as lasting five minutes (7:00–7:05 PM) with no substantive content recorded for the conditional rezoning data center agenda item | PDF (152 KB) |
| Sep 24 Special Meeting Minutes | Joint Board and Planning Commission special meeting (7:00 PM–10:50 PM); attorneys Lucas and Landry addressed Board and 30+ citizens on lawsuit facts and options; Related Digital and DTE presented and answered questions; extensive citizen Q&A on cooling, decommissioning, traffic, water, sound, farmland preservation; not included in FOIA production | PDF (160 KB) |
| Date | Event |
|---|---|
| Jan 1983 | Three parcels enrolled in PA 116 farmland preservation |
| Feb 14, 2024 | Township signs fee agreement with Castleberry & Lucas (Fred Lucas) at $200/hr |
| Jun 5, 2025 | First documented reference to data center: Lucas conference re: “data farm” |
| Jul 2025 | RD Michigan Property Owner I LLC submits application for conditional rezoning of ~575 acres |
| Aug 12, 2025 | Planning Commission recommends denial of rezoning |
| Sep 10, 2025 | Board votes 4–1 to deny the data center project; 5-minute public hearing with 59 citizens |
| Sep 12, 2025 | Lawsuit filed in Washtenaw County Circuit Court (Case No. 25-001577-CZ) |
| Sep 22, 2025 | Landry's first billable activity; reviews plaintiff attorney's email on “projected benefits to township of consent judgment” |
| Sep 24, 2025 | Special joint Board & Planning Commission meeting (7:00 PM–10:50 PM); Lucas and Landry present lawsuit options to Board and 30+ citizens; Related Digital and DTE present and answer questions |
| Sep 26, 2025 | Landry requests closed session: “I have recently received a proposed Consent Judgment from the attorney for the Plaintiff” |
| Oct 1, 2025 | Board votes 4–1 to “move forward with trying to settle the lawsuit”; Treasurer Zink contacts Sen. Irwin about data centers |
| Oct 6, 2025 | Lucas conference with Alan M. Greene (Dykema Gossett, counsel for Related Digital), Landry, Kelly Marion, Jim Marion, and the Washington Post |
| Mid-Oct 2025 | Consent judgment entered by the court, dismissing the lawsuit |
| Oct 15, 2025 | Board votes 4–0 to approve IDD Resolution (Zink absent); Lucas states: “the Board was not in favor of this project but had to decide on the facts of the lawsuit” |
| Oct 30, 2025 | Governor Whitmer, OpenAI, Oracle, and Related Digital announce Stargate data center |
| Dec 13, 2025 | Kathryn Haushalter files motion to intervene seeking to invalidate the consent judgment |
| Feb 6, 2026 | Insurer (Tokio Marine HCC) issues coverage determination: no duty to defend or indemnify |
| Feb 8, 2026 | ALEA Institute submits FOIA request to Saline Township |
| Feb 20, 2026 | Washtenaw County Circuit Court Judge Julia Owdziej denies Haushalter's motion to intervene; rules motion untimely, finds video shows settlement vote occurred in open session, and holds intervention would be prejudicial given billions already spent |
| Feb 26, 2026 | Saline Township produces 36 PDF documents in response to FOIA request |
Saline Township resident Kathryn Haushalter filed a motion to intervene in Case No. 25-001577-CZ seeking to invalidate the consent judgment. On February 20, 2026—six days before the Township produced the FOIA documents on this page—Washtenaw County Circuit Court Judge Julia Owdziej denied the motion on multiple grounds:
The court held the motion was untimely because the case had already been closed when the consent judgment was entered in October 2025, and that by-right intervention is not available in a closed case.
On the Open Meetings Act claims, the court found that video of the October 1, 2025 meeting showed the settlement vote occurred in open session, notwithstanding ambiguities in the meeting minutes. Judge Owdziej stated: “There was a public comment period, and the resolution was ‘I move to approve the consent judgement that has been outlined by our attorney.’ So, to say that happened in hiding or in secret just isn't accurate.” Township attorney David Landry characterized the minutes discrepancy as “a simple clerical error.”
The court found that granting intervention would be prejudicial given the enormous financial commitments already made, including a $40 million nonrefundable deposit to DTE Energy and $2 billion in specialized equipment already ordered. Attorney Alan M. Greene of Dykema Gossett, representing Related Digital, argued: “The parties in this case had not only an obligation to comply with that judgment, they had a right to rely upon it.”
Attorney Robby Dube of Eckland Blando, representing Haushalter, indicated they disagree with the ruling and are considering further legal options. Haushalter and other residents also filed a separate mandamus complaint on January 28, 2026 in Washtenaw County Circuit Court alleging the Saline Township Zoning Board of Appeals failed to hold a required hearing on data center construction permits.
This FOIA request was filed and analyzed by Michael J. Bommarito II, President of the ALEA Institute (Institute for the Advancement of Legal and Ethical AI). For questions or media inquiries regarding these documents, please contact us.
All documents on this page are public records obtained through Michigan's Freedom of Information Act (MCL 15.231 et seq.) and are provided without restriction.